This fascinating paleogeographic map depicts Europe as it appeared approximately 13 million years ago during the Middle Miocene epoch. At this time, Earth's climate was significantly warmer than today, leading to higher sea levels that submerged large portions of what is now modern Europe. The Mediterranean region featured a series of islands rather than the continuous landmasses seen today, and parts of present-day France, Germany, and Eastern Europe were covered by shallow seas.
The Miocene epoch was a critical period for evolutionary and geological changes. It marked the expansion of grasslands, influencing the development of many mammalian species, including early ancestors of modern primates. The shifting tectonic plates were also shaping the Alps and other mountain ranges, contributing to the continent's eventual form.
This visualization provides valuable insight into the dynamic nature of Earth's landscapes and how continents have evolved over millions of years.
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